-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      name:  <unnamed>
       log:  /Users/tobiasrommel/Downloads/RPM_FDIgrowth_Replication/RPM_FDIgrowth_Replication.log
  log type:  text
 opened on:  28 Jan 2025, 17:15:32

. do "/Users/tobiasrommel/Downloads/RPM_FDIgrowth_Replication/RPM_FDIgrowth_Analysis.do"

. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. *       Paper:                  Local Effects of Foreign Direct Investment
. *       Authors:                Tobias Rommel, Tabea Palmtag, Luca Messerschmidt
. *       Version:                Janary 28, 2025
. *       Data:                   FDI projects, nightlights data, V-Dem data
. *       Task:                   Empirical analysis
. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. 
. 
. *** Working directory
. local dir = "/Users//`=c(username)'/Downloads/RPM_FDIgrowth_Replication"

. cd "`dir'"
/Users/tobiasrommel/Downloads/RPM_FDIgrowth_Replication

. 
. 
. 
. 
. ***** 1. Buffer Analysis
. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. 
. *** Load data
. use "RPM_FDIgrowth_Buffer.dta", clear

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 1: Nightlight intensity, main models
. * Unconditional
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,790
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4385) =      82.59
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9777
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9761
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0064
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,386         Root MSE        =     2.7997

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,386 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1858401   .0204492     9.09   0.000     .1457494    .2259308
                |
          _cons |   23.42248    .058897   397.69   0.000     23.30701    23.53795
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4386        4386           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, buffe
> r) replace
(file results_growth.dta not found)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, buffe
> r) append
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Democratic regime
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4368) =      57.86
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9779
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9764
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0117
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     2.7840

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
              lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .2834801    .026382    10.75   0.000      .231758    .3352023
                          1  |   .0910887   .0209956     4.34   0.000     .0499267    .1322506
                             |
                       _cons |   23.39044   .0584863   399.93   0.000     23.27578    23.50511
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic reg
> ime, model, buffer) append
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic reg
> ime, model, buffer) append
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regim
> e, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regim
> e, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Vertical accountability
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4368) =      50.71
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9779
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9763
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0103
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     2.7860

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
            lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |    .273576   .0273627    10.00   0.000     .2199313    .3272207
                        1  |   .1108594   .0209836     5.28   0.000      .069721    .1519979
                           |
                     _cons |    23.3883   .0587136   398.35   0.000     23.27319    23.50341
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabilit
> y, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabilit
> y, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabilit
> y, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabilit
> y, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Access to justice
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4368) =      66.13
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9779
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9763
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0101
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     2.7863

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
            lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2234888    .021611    10.34   0.000     .1811202    .2658574
                        1  |   .0579362   .0221247     2.62   0.009     .0145606    .1013119
                           |
                     _cons |   23.40139   .0584194   400.58   0.000     23.28686    23.51593
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to jus
> tice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to jus
> tice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to jus
> tice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to jus
> tice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-1: Nightlight intensity, different FDI measures
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.fdi_treatment, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,790
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4385) =       9.65
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0019
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9775
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9759
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0005
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,386         Root MSE        =     2.8079

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 4,386 clusters in buffer)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
lights_mea~10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   .2290781    .073761     3.11   0.002     .0844692    .3736869
              |
        _cons |   23.81083   .0473006   503.39   0.000      23.7181    23.90357
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4386        4386           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth1

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,550
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4369) =    5683.74
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9902
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9895
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5652
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,370         Root MSE        =     1.8511

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,370 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 fdi_treatment |
           L1. |   .0736976   .0270738     2.72   0.007     .0206192     .126776
               |
lights_mean_10 |
           L1. |   .7602853   .0058742   129.43   0.000     .7487688    .7718017
               |
   hyde_sum_10 |
           L1. |  -3.02e-07   1.24e-07    -2.44   0.015    -5.44e-07   -5.90e-08
               |
         _cons |   6.251505   .1418936    44.06   0.000     5.973321    6.529688
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4370        4370           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth2

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,790
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4385) =      82.59
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9777
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9761
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0064
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,386         Root MSE        =     2.7997

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,386 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1858401   .0204492     9.09   0.000     .1457494    .2259308
                |
          _cons |   23.42248    .058897   397.69   0.000     23.30701    23.53795
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4386        4386           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth3

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,550
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4369) =    5713.75
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9902
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9895
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5655
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,370         Root MSE        =     1.8506

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,370 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0398857    .007126     5.60   0.000     .0259151    .0538563
                |
 lights_mean_10 |
            L1. |   .7589665   .0058963   128.72   0.000     .7474068    .7705262
                |
    hyde_sum_10 |
            L1. |  -3.44e-07   1.23e-07    -2.80   0.005    -5.85e-07   -1.03e-07
                |
          _cons |   6.233293   .1399767    44.53   0.000     5.958868    6.507718
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4370        4370           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth4

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.lnfdi_jobs_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,790
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4385) =      61.39
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9776
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9760
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0040
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,386         Root MSE        =     2.8031

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,386 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .1160925   .0148165     7.84   0.000     .0870447    .1451404
               |
         _cons |   23.51524   .0564743   416.39   0.000     23.40452    23.62596
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4386        4386           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth5

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,550
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4369) =    5705.13
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9902
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9895
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5654
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,370         Root MSE        =     1.8507

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,370 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .0279484   .0053117     5.26   0.000     .0175349    .0383619
               |
lights_mean_10 |
           L1. |    .759443   .0058898   128.94   0.000     .7478959    .7709901
               |
   hyde_sum_10 |
           L1. |  -3.25e-07   1.23e-07    -2.64   0.008    -5.67e-07   -8.35e-08
               |
         _cons |   6.222252   .1403831    44.32   0.000      5.94703    6.497474
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4370        4370           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth6

. * Table
. esttab growth1 growth2 growth3 growth4 growth5 growth6, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
             lights_me~10    lights_me~10    lights_me~10    lights_me~10    lights_me~10    lights_me~10   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        0.229***        0.074***                                                                
                   (0.07)          (0.03)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.186***        0.040***                                
                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.116***        0.028***
                                                                                   (0.01)          (0.01)   
L.lights_~10                        0.760***                        0.759***                        0.759***
                                   (0.01)                          (0.01)                          (0.01)   
L.hyde_su~10                       -0.000**                        -0.000***                       -0.000***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons              23.811***        6.252***       23.422***        6.233***       23.515***        6.222***
                   (0.05)          (0.14)          (0.06)          (0.14)          (0.06)          (0.14)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s        65790           65550           65790           65550           65790           65550   
\# of coun~s         4386            4370            4386            4370            4386            4370   
Prob > F            0.002           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.976           0.990           0.976           0.990           0.976           0.990   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, without China
. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,280
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   3951) =      82.05
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9784
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9769
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0072
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,952         Root MSE        =     2.7573

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 3,952 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1952579   .0215564     9.06   0.000     .1529952    .2375206
                |
          _cons |   23.11846   .0602405   383.77   0.000     23.00035    23.23656
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3952        3952           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,025
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3934) =      53.45
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9787
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9772
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0126
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,935         Root MSE        =     2.7405

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 3,935 clusters in buffer)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
              lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .3027208   .0293656    10.31   0.000     .2451476    .3602939
                          1  |   .1161189   .0214036     5.43   0.000     .0741558    .1580821
                             |
                       _cons |   23.08455   .0596021   387.31   0.000      22.9677    23.20141
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3935        3935           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3934) =   46.77
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,025
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3934) =      47.66
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9787
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9772
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0110
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,935         Root MSE        =     2.7427

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 3,935 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
            lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |     .29051   .0307669     9.44   0.000     .2301894    .3508305
                        1  |   .1350313   .0213692     6.32   0.000     .0931356     .176927
                           |
                     _cons |   23.08184   .0598837   385.44   0.000     22.96443    23.19924
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3935        3935           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3934) =   28.96
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. reghdfe lights_mean_10 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,025
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3934) =      60.26
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9787
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9772
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0108
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,935         Root MSE        =     2.7430

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 3,935 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
            lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2349322   .0229753    10.23   0.000     .1898876    .2799768
                        1  |   .0820179   .0226356     3.62   0.000     .0376393    .1263965
                           |
                     _cons |   23.09419   .0596432   387.21   0.000     22.97726    23.21113
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3935        3935           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3934) =   64.37
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 2: Nightlight intensity, varying buffer sizes
. reghdfe lights_mean_5 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_5 l.hyde_sum_5, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,805
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   3986) =    3949.06
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9856
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9846
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5199
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,987         Root MSE        =     2.4748

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 3,987 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
  lights_mean_5 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0457243   .0103083     4.44   0.000     .0255142    .0659345
                |
  lights_mean_5 |
            L1. |   .7203418   .0066844   107.76   0.000     .7072367     .733447
                |
     hyde_sum_5 |
            L1. |  -4.11e-06   5.27e-07    -7.79   0.000    -5.14e-06   -3.07e-06
                |
          _cons |   10.46225   .2396624    43.65   0.000     9.992379    10.93212
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3987        3987           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave l.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_distance.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(km, 5) replace
(file results_distance.dta not found)
file results_distance.dta saved

. foreach i of numlist 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 {
  2.         reghdfe lights_mean_`i' cl.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_`i' l.hyde_sum_`i', absorb(buffer year) cluster(b
> uffer)
  3.         regsave l.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_distance.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(km, `i') append
  4. }
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,550
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4369) =    5713.75
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9902
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9895
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5655
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,370         Root MSE        =     1.8506

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,370 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0398857    .007126     5.60   0.000     .0259151    .0538563
                |
 lights_mean_10 |
            L1. |   .7589665   .0058963   128.72   0.000     .7474068    .7705262
                |
    hyde_sum_10 |
            L1. |  -3.44e-07   1.23e-07    -2.80   0.005    -5.85e-07   -1.03e-07
                |
          _cons |   6.233293   .1399767    44.53   0.000     5.958868    6.507718
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4370        4370           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,670
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4377) =    5864.80
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9913
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9907
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5784
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,378         Root MSE        =     1.5829

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,378 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_15 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0297264   .0057411     5.18   0.000      .018471    .0409818
                |
 lights_mean_15 |
            L1. |     .77268   .0060183   128.39   0.000      .760881     .784479
                |
    hyde_sum_15 |
            L1. |   1.61e-07   7.10e-08     2.27   0.023     2.20e-08    3.00e-07
                |
          _cons |   4.573846   .1133943    40.34   0.000     4.351536    4.796156
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4378        4378           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,670
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4377) =    5581.10
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9917
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9911
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5891
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,378         Root MSE        =     1.4209

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,378 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_20 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0209809   .0049467     4.24   0.000     .0112829    .0306789
                |
 lights_mean_20 |
            L1. |   .7809975   .0063173   123.63   0.000     .7686124    .7933825
                |
    hyde_sum_20 |
            L1. |   2.79e-07   5.03e-08     5.54   0.000     1.80e-07    3.78e-07
                |
          _cons |   3.656244   .1022751    35.75   0.000     3.455733    3.856755
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4378        4378           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,685
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4378) =    5251.98
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9917
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9911
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5979
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,379         Root MSE        =     1.3131

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,379 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_25 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0146527   .0044865     3.27   0.001     .0058569    .0234486
                |
 lights_mean_25 |
            L1. |   .7873045   .0066424   118.53   0.000      .774282    .8003271
                |
    hyde_sum_25 |
            L1. |   3.09e-07   3.75e-08     8.25   0.000     2.36e-07    3.83e-07
                |
          _cons |   3.044592   .0957666    31.79   0.000     2.856841    3.232343
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4379        4379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,685
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4378) =    4874.63
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9914
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9908
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.6026
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,379         Root MSE        =     1.2373

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,379 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_30 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0116655   .0041832     2.79   0.005     .0034644    .0198667
                |
 lights_mean_30 |
            L1. |   .7913031   .0070846   111.69   0.000     .7774137    .8051926
                |
    hyde_sum_30 |
            L1. |   3.03e-07   3.03e-08     9.98   0.000     2.43e-07    3.62e-07
                |
          _cons |    2.61946   .0913016    28.69   0.000     2.440463    2.798458
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4379        4379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,700
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4379) =    4691.83
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9910
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9904
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.6020
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,380         Root MSE        =     1.1809

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,380 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_35 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0091287    .003973     2.30   0.022     .0013396    .0169178
                |
 lights_mean_35 |
            L1. |   .7927827   .0073955   107.20   0.000     .7782837    .8072817
                |
    hyde_sum_35 |
            L1. |   2.77e-07   2.47e-08    11.22   0.000     2.29e-07    3.26e-07
                |
          _cons |   2.331759   .0862921    27.02   0.000     2.162583    2.500935
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4380        4380           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,700
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4379) =    4822.51
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9906
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9899
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5988
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,380         Root MSE        =     1.1352

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,380 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_40 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0076704   .0038049     2.02   0.044     .0002108    .0151299
                |
 lights_mean_40 |
            L1. |   .7924678   .0073777   107.41   0.000     .7780039    .8069318
                |
    hyde_sum_40 |
            L1. |   2.50e-07   2.13e-08    11.77   0.000     2.09e-07    2.92e-07
                |
          _cons |   2.133445   .0802866    26.57   0.000     1.976042    2.290847
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4380        4380           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,715
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4380) =    5068.46
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9901
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9894
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5958
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,381         Root MSE        =     1.0982

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,381 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_45 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0070326   .0036714     1.92   0.055    -.0001653    .0142304
                |
 lights_mean_45 |
            L1. |    .791537   .0071381   110.89   0.000     .7775426    .8055313
                |
    hyde_sum_45 |
            L1. |   2.30e-07   1.88e-08    12.26   0.000     1.94e-07    2.67e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.967837   .0756775    26.00   0.000     1.819471    2.116203
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4381        4381           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,730
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4381) =    5410.49
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9897
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9890
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5931
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,382         Root MSE        =     1.0664

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,382 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_50 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0065262   .0035661     1.83   0.067    -.0004651    .0135176
                |
 lights_mean_50 |
            L1. |   .7908965   .0068623   115.25   0.000      .777443      .80435
                |
    hyde_sum_50 |
            L1. |   2.09e-07   1.70e-08    12.28   0.000     1.76e-07    2.42e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.837715   .0718646    25.57   0.000     1.696825    1.978606
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4382        4382           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4382) =    6141.98
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9889
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9882
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5893
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     1.0134

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_60 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0055928    .003395     1.65   0.100    -.0010631    .0122486
                |
 lights_mean_60 |
            L1. |   .7897797   .0063736   123.91   0.000     .7772842    .8022751
                |
    hyde_sum_60 |
            L1. |   1.76e-07   1.41e-08    12.52   0.000     1.49e-07    2.04e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.629257   .0667928    24.39   0.000     1.498309    1.760205
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4382) =    6730.42
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9883
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9874
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5869
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     0.9714

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_70 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0048421   .0032704     1.48   0.139    -.0015696    .0112538
                |
 lights_mean_70 |
            L1. |   .7891685   .0061077   129.21   0.000     .7771943    .8011427
                |
    hyde_sum_70 |
            L1. |   1.52e-07   1.19e-08    12.81   0.000     1.29e-07    1.75e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.465296   .0634753    23.08   0.000     1.340852     1.58974
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4382) =    7108.67
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9877
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9868
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5863
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     0.9369

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_80 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0041361   .0031684     1.31   0.192    -.0020756    .0103479
                |
 lights_mean_80 |
            L1. |   .7895696   .0059539   132.61   0.000      .777897    .8012422
                |
    hyde_sum_80 |
            L1. |   1.33e-07   1.03e-08    12.86   0.000     1.13e-07    1.53e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.327748    .062282    21.32   0.000     1.205644    1.449852
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4382) =    7365.82
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9873
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9863
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5852
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     0.9081

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_90 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0039632   .0030666     1.29   0.196    -.0020489    .0099754
                |
 lights_mean_90 |
            L1. |   .7892414   .0058429   135.08   0.000     .7777864    .8006963
                |
    hyde_sum_90 |
            L1. |   1.17e-07   9.13e-09    12.78   0.000     9.87e-08    1.35e-07
                |
          _cons |    1.22601   .0619717    19.78   0.000     1.104514    1.347506
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4382) =    7658.83
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9869
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9859
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5836
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     0.8835

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_mean_100 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0038536   .0029854     1.29   0.197    -.0019993    .0097066
                |
lights_mean_100 |
            L1. |   .7883781   .0057217   137.79   0.000     .7771607    .7995955
                |
   hyde_sum_100 |
            L1. |   1.03e-07   8.07e-09    12.77   0.000     8.72e-08    1.19e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.147462   .0615862    18.63   0.000     1.026721    1.268202
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved

. preserve

. use "results_distance", clear

. gen n = _n

. labmask n, values(km)

. twoway  (scatter n coef, mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n, hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid)), ///
>                 title("Effect of FDI on Nightlight Intensity") ///
>                 xtitle("Coefficient in two-way fixed effects OLS model") ///
>                 ytitle("Buffer zone around FDI project (in km)") ///
>                 ylabel(1 "100" 2 "90" 3 "80" 4 "70" 5 "60" 6 "50" 7 "45" 8 "40" 9 "35" 10 "30" 11 "25" 12 "20" 13 "15
> " 14 "10" 15 "5") ///
>                 xsize(2) ysize(2) legend(off) name(FDIgrowth_buf, replace)

. restore

. 
. 
. *** Robustness test: Country size
. reghdfe lights_mean_5 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_5 l.hyde_sum_5 if smallcountry==0, absorb(buffer year) cluster
> (buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     58,155
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   3876) =    3729.79
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9856
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9845
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5184
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,877         Root MSE        =     2.4749

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 3,877 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
  lights_mean_5 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0487978    .010425     4.68   0.000     .0283589    .0692368
                |
  lights_mean_5 |
            L1. |   .7179971   .0068664   104.57   0.000      .704535    .7314592
                |
     hyde_sum_5 |
            L1. |  -4.33e-06   5.52e-07    -7.84   0.000    -5.42e-06   -3.25e-06
                |
          _cons |   10.61537   .2483299    42.75   0.000      10.1285    11.10224
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3877        3877           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave l.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_distance.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(km, 5) replace
file results_distance.dta saved

. foreach i of numlist 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 {
  2.         reghdfe lights_mean_`i' cl.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_`i' l.hyde_sum_`i' if smallcountry==0, absorb(buf
> fer year) cluster(buffer)
  3.         regsave l.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_distance.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(km, `i') append
  4. }
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,690
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4245) =    5399.21
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9901
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9894
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5639
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,246         Root MSE        =     1.8530

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,246 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_10 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0417766   .0072319     5.78   0.000     .0275983    .0559549
                |
 lights_mean_10 |
            L1. |   .7572819   .0060541   125.09   0.000     .7454126    .7691511
                |
    hyde_sum_10 |
            L1. |  -4.13e-07   1.24e-07    -3.34   0.001    -6.56e-07   -1.71e-07
                |
          _cons |   6.295844   .1433471    43.92   0.000     6.014808    6.576879
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4246        4246           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,795
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4252) =    5552.52
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9911
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9904
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5772
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,253         Root MSE        =     1.5844

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,253 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_15 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0309871   .0058157     5.33   0.000     .0195852    .0423889
                |
 lights_mean_15 |
            L1. |   .7715502   .0061719   125.01   0.000     .7594501    .7836503
                |
    hyde_sum_15 |
            L1. |   1.23e-07   7.08e-08     1.74   0.083    -1.59e-08    2.62e-07
                |
          _cons |   4.598422   .1154805    39.82   0.000      4.37202    4.824824
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4253        4253           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,795
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4252) =    5282.34
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9914
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9908
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5884
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,253         Root MSE        =     1.4208

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,253 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_20 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0217942   .0049996     4.36   0.000     .0119924     .031596
                |
 lights_mean_20 |
            L1. |    .780414   .0064792   120.45   0.000     .7677114    .7931165
                |
    hyde_sum_20 |
            L1. |   2.49e-07   4.99e-08     4.99   0.000     1.51e-07    3.47e-07
                |
          _cons |   3.662565   .1038558    35.27   0.000     3.458954    3.866177
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4253        4253           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,810
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4253) =    4945.35
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9913
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9907
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5970
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,254         Root MSE        =     1.3117

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,254 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_25 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0152695   .0045249     3.37   0.001     .0063982    .0241407
                |
 lights_mean_25 |
            L1. |   .7868728   .0068333   115.15   0.000      .773476    .8002697
                |
    hyde_sum_25 |
            L1. |   2.86e-07   3.71e-08     7.69   0.000     2.13e-07    3.58e-07
                |
          _cons |   3.041489   .0971825    31.30   0.000     2.850961    3.232017
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4254        4254           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,810
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4253) =    4559.37
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9910
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9904
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.6013
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,254         Root MSE        =     1.2345

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,254 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_30 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0121462   .0042087     2.89   0.004     .0038949    .0203975
                |
 lights_mean_30 |
            L1. |   .7907936   .0073232   107.98   0.000     .7764362    .8051509
                |
    hyde_sum_30 |
            L1. |   2.84e-07   3.01e-08     9.42   0.000     2.25e-07    3.43e-07
                |
          _cons |   2.610708   .0926739    28.17   0.000     2.429018    2.792397
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4254        4254           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    4348.87
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9905
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9898
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5999
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     1.1764

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_35 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0095179   .0039865     2.39   0.017     .0017023    .0173335
                |
 lights_mean_35 |
            L1. |   .7919741   .0076957   102.91   0.000     .7768864    .8070617
                |
    hyde_sum_35 |
            L1. |   2.62e-07   2.46e-08    10.65   0.000     2.14e-07    3.10e-07
                |
          _cons |   2.319955   .0877269    26.45   0.000     2.147965    2.491946
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    4435.34
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9899
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9892
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5960
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     1.1293

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_40 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0080288   .0038075     2.11   0.035     .0005642    .0154935
                |
 lights_mean_40 |
            L1. |   .7913598   .0077188   102.52   0.000      .776227    .8064926
                |
    hyde_sum_40 |
            L1. |   2.38e-07   2.13e-08    11.18   0.000     1.96e-07    2.80e-07
                |
          _cons |   2.118843   .0816933    25.94   0.000     1.958682    2.279005
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    4625.61
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9893
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9885
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5925
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     1.0912

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_45 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0074096   .0036641     2.02   0.043      .000226    .0145932
                |
 lights_mean_45 |
            L1. |    .790164   .0074983   105.38   0.000     .7754634    .8048645
                |
    hyde_sum_45 |
            L1. |   2.20e-07   1.89e-08    11.66   0.000     1.83e-07    2.57e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.949857   .0770639    25.30   0.000     1.798771    2.100942
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    4911.80
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9886
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9878
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5894
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     1.0584

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_50 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0068464   .0035524     1.93   0.054    -.0001181    .0138109
                |
 lights_mean_50 |
            L1. |   .7893847   .0072261   109.24   0.000     .7752178    .8035516
                |
    hyde_sum_50 |
            L1. |   2.00e-07   1.71e-08    11.68   0.000     1.66e-07    2.33e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.816778   .0731838    24.82   0.000       1.6733    1.960256
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    5533.07
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9874
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9865
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5850
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     1.0036

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_60 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0059466   .0033723     1.76   0.078    -.0006648     .012558
                |
 lights_mean_60 |
            L1. |   .7880618   .0067329   117.05   0.000     .7748618    .8012618
                |
    hyde_sum_60 |
            L1. |   1.69e-07   1.42e-08    11.92   0.000     1.41e-07    1.97e-07
                |
          _cons |    1.60309   .0680913    23.54   0.000     1.469595    1.736584
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    6044.66
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9863
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9853
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5827
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     0.9602

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_70 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0051988   .0032401     1.60   0.109    -.0011536    .0115512
                |
 lights_mean_70 |
            L1. |   .7875578    .006462   121.87   0.000     .7748889    .8002267
                |
    hyde_sum_70 |
            L1. |   1.46e-07   1.20e-08    12.20   0.000     1.22e-07    1.69e-07
                |
          _cons |     1.4336   .0647599    22.14   0.000     1.306636    1.560563
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    6354.58
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9852
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9842
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5819
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     0.9243

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_80 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0045143   .0031311     1.44   0.149    -.0016242    .0106528
                |
 lights_mean_80 |
            L1. |   .7879346   .0063116   124.84   0.000     .7755605    .8003086
                |
    hyde_sum_80 |
            L1. |   1.28e-07   1.04e-08    12.26   0.000     1.07e-07    1.48e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.291485   .0636697    20.28   0.000     1.166659     1.41631
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    6554.98
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9843
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9831
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5805
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     0.8942

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
 lights_mean_90 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0043718   .0030216     1.45   0.148    -.0015522    .0102957
                |
 lights_mean_90 |
            L1. |   .7874946   .0062044   126.92   0.000     .7753307    .7996585
                |
    hyde_sum_90 |
            L1. |   1.12e-07   9.21e-09    12.20   0.000     9.43e-08    1.30e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.185674   .0634896    18.68   0.000     1.061201    1.310147
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     63,825
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4254) =    6791.68
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9833
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9821
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5785
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,255         Root MSE        =     0.8685

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,255 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_mean_100 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0042838   .0029335     1.46   0.144    -.0014675     .010035
                |
lights_mean_100 |
            L1. |    .786466   .0060815   129.32   0.000      .774543    .7983889
                |
   hyde_sum_100 |
            L1. |   9.95e-08   8.15e-09    12.21   0.000     8.35e-08    1.15e-07
                |
          _cons |   1.103357   .0632324    17.45   0.000     .9793884    1.227325
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4255        4255           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation
file results_distance.dta saved

. preserve

. use "results_distance", clear

. gen n = _n

. labmask n, values(km)

. twoway  (scatter n coef, mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n, hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid)), ///
>                 title("Effect of FDI on Nightlight Intensity") ///
>                 xtitle("Coefficient in two-way fixed effects OLS model") ///
>                 ytitle("Buffer zone around FDI project (in km)") ///
>                 ylabel(1 "100" 2 "90" 3 "80" 4 "70" 5 "60" 6 "50" 7 "45" 8 "40" 9 "35" 10 "30" 11 "25" 12 "20" 13 "15
> " 14 "10" 15 "5") ///
>                 xsize(2) ysize(2) legend(off) name(FDIgrowth_buf, replace)

. restore

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 3: Spatial nightlight inequality, main models
. * Unconditional
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4382) =      65.61
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9637
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9610
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0048
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     2.0728

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_dif~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1195049   .0147536     8.10   0.000     .0905804    .1484294
                |
          _cons |    10.6179   .0424754   249.98   0.000     10.53462    10.70117
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, buff
> er) replace
(file results_spatial.dta not found)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, buff
> er) append
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Democratic regime
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,505
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4366) =      36.12
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9638
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9612
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0069
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,367         Root MSE        =     2.0706

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 4,367 clusters in buffer)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
            lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .1644566   .0197564     8.32   0.000     .1257241    .2031892
                          1  |   .0756745   .0149149     5.07   0.000     .0464338    .1049153
                             |
                       _cons |    10.6102   .0425508   249.35   0.000     10.52678    10.69362
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4367        4367           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic re
> gime, model, buffer) append
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic re
> gime, model, buffer) append
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regi
> me, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regi
> me, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Vertical accountability
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,505
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4366) =      35.21
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9637
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9611
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0066
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,367         Root MSE        =     2.0709

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 4,367 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
          lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .1633505   .0205025     7.97   0.000     .1231552    .2035458
                        1  |   .0816372    .015471     5.28   0.000     .0513062    .1119682
                           |
                     _cons |   10.60896   .0426869   248.53   0.000     10.52527    10.69265
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4367        4367           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabili
> ty, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabili
> ty, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabili
> ty, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabili
> ty, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Access to justice
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,505
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   4366) =      35.57
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9637
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9611
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0055
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,367         Root MSE        =     2.0720

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 4,367 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
          lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .1317998   .0156467     8.42   0.000     .1011245    .1624752
                        1  |     .07854   .0171039     4.59   0.000     .0450077    .1120723
                           |
                     _cons |   10.61447   .0424378   250.12   0.000     10.53127    10.69767
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4367        4367           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to ju
> stice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to ju
> stice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to ju
> stice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to ju
> stice, model, buffer) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-4: Spatial nightlight inequality, different FDI measures
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.fdi_treatment, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4382) =      49.05
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9636
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9610
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0029
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     2.0747

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
lights_d~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   .3981427   .0568465     7.00   0.000     .2866948    .5095907
              |
        _cons |   10.70667   .0364494   293.74   0.000     10.63521    10.77812
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial1

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4368) =     538.16
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9733
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9714
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2701
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     1.7746

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_di~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 fdi_treatment |
           L1. |   .2721144   .0435625     6.25   0.000     .1867099    .3575189
               |
lights_mean_10 |
           L1. |   .3670564    .009422    38.96   0.000     .3485844    .3855284
               |
   hyde_sum_10 |
           L1. |  -5.07e-06   5.06e-07   -10.02   0.000    -6.07e-06   -4.08e-06
               |
         _cons |    4.42056   .3043526    14.52   0.000     3.823874    5.017245
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial2

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4382) =      65.61
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9637
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9610
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0048
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     2.0728

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_dif~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1195049   .0147536     8.10   0.000     .0905804    .1484294
                |
          _cons |    10.6179   .0424754   249.98   0.000     10.53462    10.70117
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial3

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4368) =     534.74
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9733
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9714
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2699
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     1.7748

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_dif~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0587262   .0106806     5.50   0.000     .0377868    .0796657
                |
 lights_mean_10 |
            L1. |   .3654441   .0094324    38.74   0.000     .3469518    .3839365
                |
    hyde_sum_10 |
            L1. |  -5.17e-06   5.09e-07   -10.16   0.000    -6.16e-06   -4.17e-06
                |
          _cons |   4.504451   .3039826    14.82   0.000     3.908491    5.100411
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial4

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.lnfdi_jobs_cum, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,745
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   4382) =      62.04
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9636
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9610
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0038
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,383         Root MSE        =     2.0737

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,383 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_di~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .0845188   .0107307     7.88   0.000     .0634812    .1055565
               |
         _cons |   10.63987   .0408927   260.19   0.000      10.5597    10.72004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4383        4383           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial5

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean_10 l.hyde_sum_10, absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     65,535
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,   4368) =     537.59
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9733
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9714
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2698
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      4,369         Root MSE        =     1.7749

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 4,369 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
lights_di~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .0444551   .0079189     5.61   0.000       .02893    .0599801
               |
lights_mean_10 |
           L1. |    .366033     .00944    38.77   0.000     .3475258    .3845401
               |
   hyde_sum_10 |
           L1. |  -5.14e-06   5.08e-07   -10.12   0.000    -6.14e-06   -4.15e-06
               |
         _cons |   4.478667   .3035162    14.76   0.000     3.883621    5.073713
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      4369        4369           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial6

. * Table
. esttab spatial1 spatial2 spatial3 spatial4 spatial5 spatial6, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
             lights_~1025    lights_~1025    lights_~1025    lights_~1025    lights_~1025    lights_~1025   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        0.398***        0.272***                                                                
                   (0.06)          (0.04)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.120***        0.059***                                
                                                   (0.01)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.085***        0.044***
                                                                                   (0.01)          (0.01)   
L.lights_~10                        0.367***                        0.365***                        0.366***
                                   (0.01)                          (0.01)                          (0.01)   
L.hyde_su~10                       -0.000***                       -0.000***                       -0.000***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons              10.707***        4.421***       10.618***        4.504***       10.640***        4.479***
                   (0.04)          (0.30)          (0.04)          (0.30)          (0.04)          (0.30)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s        65745           65535           65745           65535           65745           65535   
\# of coun~s         4383            4369            4383            4369            4383            4369   
Prob > F            0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.961           0.971           0.961           0.971           0.961           0.971   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Spatial nightlight inequality, without China
. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     59,235
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,   3948) =      58.17
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9655
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0048
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,949         Root MSE        =     2.0186

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 3,949 clusters in buffer)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
lights_dif~1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1170958   .0153524     7.63   0.000     .0869965    .1471951
                |
          _cons |   10.44795   .0428819   243.64   0.000     10.36388    10.53203
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3949        3949           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     58,995
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3932) =      31.20
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9656
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0068
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,933         Root MSE        =     2.0165

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 3,933 clusters in buffer)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
            lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .1646222   .0218939     7.52   0.000     .1216977    .2075467
                          1  |   .0819188   .0150511     5.44   0.000     .0524102    .1114274
                             |
                       _cons |   10.44018   .0428771   243.49   0.000     10.35612    10.52425
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3933        3933           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3932) =   16.28
            Prob > F =    0.0001

. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     58,995
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3932) =      30.61
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9656
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0065
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,933         Root MSE        =     2.0168

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 3,933 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
          lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .1631403   .0229795     7.10   0.000     .1180873    .2081932
                        1  |   .0875977   .0155562     5.63   0.000     .0570987    .1180967
                           |
                     _cons |    10.4388   .0430489   242.49   0.000      10.3544     10.5232
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3933        3933           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3932) =   11.15
            Prob > F =    0.0008

. reghdfe lights_diff_1025 cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if cname!="China", absorb(buffer year) cluster(buffer)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =     58,995
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2,   3932) =      30.87
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9656
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0055
Number of clusters (buffer)  =      3,933         Root MSE        =     2.0178

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 3,933 clusters in buffer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
          lights_diff_1025 | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |    .129064   .0164297     7.86   0.000     .0968525    .1612755
                        1  |   .0839356   .0173537     4.84   0.000     .0499126    .1179586
                           |
                     _cons |   10.44344   .0428191   243.90   0.000     10.35949    10.52739
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
      buffer |      3933        3933           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,  3932) =    8.92
            Prob > F =    0.0028

. 
. 
. 
. 
. ***** 2. Grid Analysis
. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. 
. *** Load data
. use "RPM_FDIgrowth_Grid10km.dta", clear

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 1: Nightlight intensity, main models
. * Unconditional
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,015,943
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935617) =    1677.59
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,618         Root MSE        =     1.9943

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 935,618 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .8854956   .0216194    40.96   0.000     .8431223    .9278688
                |
          _cons |   1.849151   .0002797  6611.94   0.000     1.848603    1.849699
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935618      935618           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, grid)
>  append
(variable var was str17, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str13, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, grid)
>  append
(variable var was str17, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str13, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Democratic regime
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,000,781
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934568) =     890.72
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8721
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8629
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0025
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,569         Root MSE        =     1.9946

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 934,569 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .9729017   .0297866    32.66   0.000     .9145209    1.031282
                          1  |   .8039899   .0219559    36.62   0.000     .7609571    .8470227
                             |
                       _cons |    1.84708   .0002788  6624.19   0.000     1.846533    1.847626
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934569      934569           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic reg
> ime, model, grid) append
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic reg
> ime, model, grid) append
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regim
> e, model, grid) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regim
> e, model, grid) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Vertical accountability
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,000,781
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934568) =     891.60
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8721
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8629
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0025
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,569         Root MSE        =     1.9947

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 934,569 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |    .955117   .0307144    31.10   0.000     .8949178    1.015316
                        1  |   .8314953   .0222567    37.36   0.000     .7878729    .8751176
                           |
                     _cons |   1.847064   .0002806  6583.07   0.000     1.846514    1.847614
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934569      934569           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabilit
> y, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str18, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabilit
> y, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str18, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabilit
> y, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str19, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabilit
> y, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str19, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. * Access to justice
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,000,781
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934568) =     856.11
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8721
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8629
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0025
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,569         Root MSE        =     1.9946

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 934,569 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .9238226   .0229411    40.27   0.000     .8788588    .9687865
                        1  |   .7427336   .0253441    29.31   0.000     .6930599    .7924072
                           |
                     _cons |   1.847185   .0002756  6701.26   0.000     1.846644    1.847725
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934569      934569           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to jus
> tice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str21, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to jus
> tice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str21, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to jus
> tice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_growth.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to jus
> tice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_growth.dta saved

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-2: Nightlight intensity, different FDI measures
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_mean l.fdi_treatment, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,015,943
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935617) =    1610.71
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0018
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,618         Root MSE        =     1.9949

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 935,618 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   3.548546   .0884181    40.13   0.000     3.375249    3.721842
              |
        _cons |   1.850581   .0002498  7408.81   0.000     1.850091     1.85107
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935618      935618           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth1

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_mean l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,725
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903454) =   95239.60
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9138
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9076
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.3528
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,455         Root MSE        =     1.5901

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 903,455 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   1.214422   .0441871    27.48   0.000     1.127817    1.301028
              |
  lights_mean |
          L1. |   .6190915   .0011797   524.81   0.000     .6167794    .6214036
              |
     hyde_sum |
          L1. |   .0000161   1.20e-06    13.40   0.000     .0000138    .0000185
              |
        _cons |   .6752611   .0073334    92.08   0.000      .660888    .6896343
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903455      903455           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth2

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,015,943
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935617) =    1677.59
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,618         Root MSE        =     1.9943

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 935,618 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .8854956   .0216194    40.96   0.000     .8431223    .9278688
                |
          _cons |   1.849151   .0002797  6611.94   0.000     1.848603    1.849699
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935618      935618           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth3

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,725
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903454) =   95385.12
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9138
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9076
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.3528
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,455         Root MSE        =     1.5900

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 903,455 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .2834446   .0108705    26.07   0.000     .2621388    .3047504
                |
    lights_mean |
            L1. |    .618979   .0011795   524.77   0.000     .6166672    .6212908
                |
       hyde_sum |
            L1. |   .0000156   1.19e-06    13.07   0.000     .0000132    .0000179
                |
          _cons |   .6787021   .0072535    93.57   0.000     .6644855    .6929187
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903455      903455           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth4

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_jobs_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,015,943
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935617) =    1775.98
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,618         Root MSE        =     1.9944

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 935,618 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .6892353   .0163549    42.14   0.000     .6571802    .7212903
               |
         _cons |   1.848889    .000278  6649.94   0.000     1.848344    1.849433
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935618      935618           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth5

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and lcontrols
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,725
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903454) =   95467.10
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9138
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9076
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.3528
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,455         Root MSE        =     1.5900

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 903,455 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |    .225478   .0081833    27.55   0.000      .209439    .2415171
               |
   lights_mean |
           L1. |   .6189814   .0011796   524.72   0.000     .6166694    .6212935
               |
      hyde_sum |
           L1. |   .0000157   1.19e-06    13.14   0.000     .0000133     .000018
               |
         _cons |   .6779244   .0072631    93.34   0.000     .6636889    .6921599
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903455      903455           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth6

. * Table
. esttab growth1 growth2 growth3 growth4 growth5 growth6, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
              lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        3.549***        1.214***                                                                
                   (0.09)          (0.04)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.885***        0.283***                                
                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.689***        0.225***
                                                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)   
L.lights_m~n                        0.619***                        0.619***                        0.619***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
L.hyde_sum                          0.000***                        0.000***                        0.000***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons               1.851***        0.675***        1.849***        0.679***        1.849***        0.678***
                   (0.00)          (0.01)          (0.00)          (0.01)          (0.00)          (0.01)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s     14015943        13551725        14015943        13551725        14015943        13551725   
\# of coun~s       935618          903455          935618          903455          935618          903455   
Prob > F            0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.863           0.908           0.863           0.908           0.863           0.908   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-3: Nightlight intensity, only treated grids and neighbors
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_mean l.fdi_treatment if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,676
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28616) =     234.96
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9656
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0036
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,617         Root MSE        =     3.0189

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 28,617 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   1.361847   .0888455    15.33   0.000     1.187705    1.535988
              |
        _cons |   13.95976   .0082063  1701.11   0.000     13.94368    13.97585
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28617       28617           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth11

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_mean l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =   21615.95
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9837
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9825
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5279
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     2.0255

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   .3501997   .0325507    10.76   0.000     .2863986    .4140007
              |
  lights_mean |
          L1. |   .7391858   .0029869   247.48   0.000     .7333314    .7450402
              |
     hyde_sum |
          L1. |   4.60e-07   3.07e-07     1.50   0.134    -1.41e-07    1.06e-06
              |
        _cons |   3.851899   .0408104    94.39   0.000     3.771909    3.931889
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth12

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_capex_cum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,676
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28616) =     283.73
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9657
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9633
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0055
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,617         Root MSE        =     3.0161

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 28,617 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |    .365132    .021677    16.84   0.000     .3226441    .4076199
                |
          _cons |   13.93112   .0091684  1519.47   0.000     13.91315    13.94909
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28617       28617           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth13

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =   21762.63
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9837
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9825
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5280
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     2.0254

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .0864282   .0076899    11.24   0.000     .0713555    .1015009
                |
    lights_mean |
            L1. |   .7387649   .0029953   246.64   0.000      .732894    .7446359
                |
       hyde_sum |
            L1. |   2.45e-07   3.07e-07     0.80   0.424    -3.56e-07    8.46e-07
                |
          _cons |   3.867602   .0408935    94.58   0.000     3.787448    3.947755
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth14

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_jobs_cum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,676
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28616) =     285.78
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9657
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9632
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0051
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,617         Root MSE        =     3.0167

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 28,617 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .2786381   .0164826    16.90   0.000     .2463314    .3109448
               |
         _cons |   13.93068   .0091614  1520.58   0.000     13.91272    13.94863
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28617       28617           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth15

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and lcontrols
. reghdfe lights_mean l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =   21768.07
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9837
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9825
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.5280
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     2.0254

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .0688712    .005897    11.68   0.000     .0573128    .0804297
               |
   lights_mean |
           L1. |   .7388228   .0029947   246.71   0.000      .732953    .7446925
               |
      hyde_sum |
           L1. |   2.86e-07   3.06e-07     0.93   0.351    -3.15e-07    8.86e-07
               |
         _cons |   3.862281   .0408623    94.52   0.000     3.782189    3.942373
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store growth16

. * Table
. esttab growth11 growth12 growth13 growth14 growth15 growth16, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
              lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean     lights_mean   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        1.362***        0.350***                                                                
                   (0.09)          (0.03)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.365***        0.086***                                
                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.279***        0.069***
                                                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)   
L.lights_m~n                        0.739***                        0.739***                        0.739***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
L.hyde_sum                          0.000                           0.000                           0.000   
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons              13.960***        3.852***       13.931***        3.868***       13.931***        3.862***
                   (0.01)          (0.04)          (0.01)          (0.04)          (0.01)          (0.04)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s       428676          408570          428676          408570          428676          408570   
\# of coun~s        28617           27238           28617           27238           28617           27238   
Prob > F            0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.963           0.983           0.963           0.983           0.963           0.983   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, without China
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,657,459
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 845002) =    1503.18
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8597
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8496
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0023
Number of clusters (grid)    =    845,003         Root MSE        =     2.0092

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 845,003 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .8821844   .0227538    38.77   0.000     .8375877    .9267811
                |
          _cons |   1.736785   .0002837  6121.29   0.000     1.736229    1.737341
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    845003      845003           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,642,297
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843953) =     804.77
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8593
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8492
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,954         Root MSE        =     2.0097

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 843,954 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .9804406   .0331076    29.61   0.000     .9155509     1.04533
                          1  |   .8129586   .0222851    36.48   0.000     .7692805    .8566367
                             |
                       _cons |   1.734374   .0002817  6156.16   0.000     1.733822    1.734926
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843954      843954           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843953) =   27.59
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,642,297
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843953) =     805.30
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8593
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8492
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,954         Root MSE        =     2.0097

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 843,954 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .9583371   .0344051    27.85   0.000     .8909042     1.02577
                        1  |   .8392775   .0225807    37.17   0.000       .79502     .883535
                           |
                     _cons |   1.734355   .0002839  6110.05   0.000     1.733798    1.734911
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843954      843954           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843953) =   12.69
            Prob > F =    0.0004

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,642,297
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843953) =     769.14
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8593
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8492
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0024
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,954         Root MSE        =     2.0096

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 843,954 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .9246701     .02433    38.01   0.000     .8769841    .9723561
                        1  |    .747904   .0258159    28.97   0.000     .6973057    .7985022
                           |
                     _cons |   1.734478   .0002789  6218.11   0.000     1.733932    1.735025
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843954      843954           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843953) =   54.97
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, without highly populated areas
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 5 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,372,385
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 817708) =     181.02
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7076
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.6849
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,709         Root MSE        =     1.8286

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 817,709 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .5829762   .0433298    13.45   0.000     .4980513    .6679012
                |
          _cons |   1.076659    .000133  8095.80   0.000     1.076399     1.07692
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817709      817709           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,366,047
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817242) =     103.97
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7069
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.6842
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,243         Root MSE        =     1.8288

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 817,243 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .6736167   .0706005     9.54   0.000     .5352421    .8119914
                          1  |   .5330564   .0388996    13.70   0.000     .4568145    .6092983
                             |
                       _cons |   1.075663   .0001334  8064.76   0.000     1.075402    1.075924
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817243      817243           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817242) =    4.57
            Prob > F =    0.0326

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,366,047
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817242) =     105.94
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7069
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.6842
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,243         Root MSE        =     1.8288

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 817,243 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |    .653346    .076653     8.52   0.000     .5031086    .8035834
                        1  |   .5527262   .0397018    13.92   0.000     .4749119    .6305404
                           |
                     _cons |   1.075662   .0001349  7973.74   0.000     1.075397    1.075926
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817243      817243           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817242) =    1.85
            Prob > F =    0.1742

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,366,047
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817242) =      96.79
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7069
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.6842
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0004
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,243         Root MSE        =     1.8288

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 817,243 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .6598838   .0502065    13.14   0.000     .5614807    .7582868
                        1  |   .3874941   .0353255    10.97   0.000     .3182572    .4567309
                           |
                     _cons |    1.07571   .0001273  8450.55   0.000     1.075461    1.075959
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817243      817243           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817242) =   40.27
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 3: Spatial nightlight inequality, main models
. * Unconditional
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,012,472
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935378) =     260.06
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8765
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8677
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,379         Root MSE        =     0.9205

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 935,379 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .2519406   .0156229    16.13   0.000     .2213202    .2825609
                |
          _cons |   .0037676   .0002021    18.65   0.000     .0033716    .0041636
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935379      935379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, grid
> ) append
(variable var was str17, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str13, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave L1.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 13, desc, Unconditional, model, grid
> ) append
(variable var was str17, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str13, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Democratic regime
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,998,339
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934403) =     137.60
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8764
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8675
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,404         Root MSE        =     0.9201

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 934,404 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .2704736   .0218838    12.36   0.000     .2275822    .3133651
                          1  |   .2356081   .0163133    14.44   0.000     .2036346    .2675816
                             |
                       _cons |    .003775   .0002031    18.58   0.000     .0033768    .0041731
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934404      934404           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic re
> gime, model, grid) append
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 10, desc, Autocratic re
> gime, model, grid) append
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regi
> me, model, grid) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 9, desc, Democratic regi
> me, model, grid) append
(variable var was str30, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str17, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Vertical accountability
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,998,339
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934403) =     136.65
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8764
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8675
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,404         Root MSE        =     0.9201

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 934,404 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2694002   .0225915    11.92   0.000     .2251217    .3136788
                        1  |    .238977    .016474    14.51   0.000     .2066884    .2712655
                           |
                     _cons |   .0037702   .0002043    18.46   0.000     .0033699    .0041706
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934404      934404           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabili
> ty, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str18, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 6, desc, Low accountabili
> ty, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str18, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabili
> ty, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str19, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 5, desc, High accountabili
> ty, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str19, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. * Access to justice
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,998,339
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 934403) =     131.52
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8764
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8675
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    934,404         Root MSE        =     0.9201

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 934,404 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2605242   .0166575    15.64   0.000     .2278761    .2931724
                        1  |   .2221848   .0197026    11.28   0.000     .1835683    .2608013
                           |
                     _cons |    .003797   .0002007    18.92   0.000     .0034037    .0041903
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    934404      934404           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to ju
> stice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str21, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 2, desc, Bad access to ju
> stice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str29, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable desc was str21, now str22 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(95) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to ju
> stice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. regsave 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum using "results_spatial.dta", ci level(83) addlabel(n, 1, desc, Good access to ju
> stice, model, grid) append
(variable var was str28, now str31 to accommodate using data's values)
(variable model was str4, now str6 to accommodate using data's values)
file results_spatial.dta saved

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-5: Spatial nightlight inequality, different FDI measures
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_diff l.fdi_treatment, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,012,472
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935378) =     387.55
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8765
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8677
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0011
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,379         Root MSE        =     0.9205

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 935,379 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   1.250691    .063531    19.69   0.000     1.126173     1.37521
              |
        _cons |   .0034933   .0001795    19.47   0.000     .0031416     .003845
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935379      935379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial1

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_diff l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,491
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903442) =    4856.77
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8859
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8778
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0732
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,443         Root MSE        =     0.8546

                              (Std. err. adjusted for 903,443 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   .9447123   .0560041    16.87   0.000     .8349463    1.054478
              |
  lights_mean |
          L1. |   .1265658   .0010583   119.60   0.000     .1244917      .12864
              |
     hyde_sum |
          L1. |  -5.46e-06   5.69e-07    -9.60   0.000    -6.57e-06   -4.34e-06
              |
        _cons |  -.1801194   .0037753   -47.71   0.000    -.1875188     -.17272
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903443      903443           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial2

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,012,472
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935378) =     260.06
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8765
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8677
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,379         Root MSE        =     0.9205

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 935,379 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .2519406   .0156229    16.13   0.000     .2213202    .2825609
                |
          _cons |   .0037676   .0002021    18.65   0.000     .0033716    .0041636
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935379      935379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial3

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,491
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903442) =    4829.88
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8859
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8777
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0731
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,443         Root MSE        =     0.8547

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 903,443 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |    .186747   .0136261    13.71   0.000     .1600402    .2134538
                |
    lights_mean |
            L1. |   .1265584   .0010582   119.60   0.000     .1244844    .1286325
                |
       hyde_sum |
            L1. |  -5.71e-06   5.76e-07    -9.91   0.000    -6.84e-06   -4.58e-06
                |
          _cons |  -.1783107    .003809   -46.81   0.000    -.1857762   -.1708453
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903443      903443           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial4

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_jobs_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 14,012,472
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 935378) =     304.62
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8765
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8677
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0010
Number of clusters (grid)    =    935,379         Root MSE        =     0.9205

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 935,379 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .2063914   .0118253    17.45   0.000     .1832142    .2295686
               |
         _cons |    .003518    .000201    17.50   0.000      .003124    .0039119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    935379      935379           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial5

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 13,551,491
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3, 903442) =    4838.32
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8859
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8777
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0732
Number of clusters (grid)    =    903,443         Root MSE        =     0.8546

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 903,443 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .1524967   .0103873    14.68   0.000      .132138    .1728553
               |
   lights_mean |
           L1. |   .1265483   .0010583   119.58   0.000     .1244741    .1286225
               |
      hyde_sum |
           L1. |  -5.67e-06   5.75e-07    -9.87   0.000    -6.80e-06   -4.55e-06
               |
         _cons |  -.1787093   .0038024   -47.00   0.000    -.1861619   -.1712567
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    903443      903443           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial6

. * Table
. esttab spatial1 spatial2 spatial3 spatial4 spatial5 spatial6, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
              lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        1.251***        0.945***                                                                
                   (0.06)          (0.06)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.252***        0.187***                                
                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.206***        0.152***
                                                                                   (0.01)          (0.01)   
L.lights_m~n                        0.127***                        0.127***                        0.127***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
L.hyde_sum                         -0.000***                       -0.000***                       -0.000***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons               0.003***       -0.180***        0.004***       -0.178***        0.004***       -0.179***
                   (0.00)          (0.00)          (0.00)          (0.00)          (0.00)          (0.00)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s     14012472        13551491        14012472        13551491        14012472        13551491   
\# of coun~s       935379          903443          935379          903443          935379          903443   
Prob > F            0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.868           0.878           0.868           0.878           0.868           0.878   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** TABLE A-6: Spatial nightlight inequality, only treated grids and neighbors
. * Binary treatment
. reghdfe lights_diff l.fdi_treatment if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,661
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28615) =     289.94
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9468
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9430
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0052
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,616         Root MSE        =     2.0034

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 28,616 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   1.078577   .0633428    17.03   0.000     .9544222    1.202732
              |
        _cons |   1.394693   .0058487   238.46   0.000      1.38323    1.406157
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28616       28616           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial11

. * Cumulative number of FDI projects
. reghdfe lights_diff l.fdi_treatment l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =    2378.47
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9600
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9571
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2205
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     1.6919

                               (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              |               Robust
  lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
--------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
fdi_treatment |
          L1. |   .7568394   .0479234    15.79   0.000      .662907    .8507717
              |
  lights_mean |
          L1. |   .3063197   .0037066    82.64   0.000     .2990546    .3135848
              |
     hyde_sum |
          L1. |  -6.80e-06   6.65e-07   -10.22   0.000    -8.10e-06   -5.49e-06
              |
        _cons |  -2.253646   .0630349   -35.75   0.000    -2.377198   -2.130095
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial12

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_capex_cum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,661
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28615) =     180.87
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9468
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9430
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0041
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,616         Root MSE        =     2.0045

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 28,616 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |    .210438   .0156475    13.45   0.000     .1797682    .2411079
                |
          _cons |   1.405316   .0066153   212.43   0.000     1.392349    1.418282
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28616       28616           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial13

. * Sum of FDI, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_capex_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =    2338.47
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9599
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9570
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2195
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     1.6930

                                 (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .1330095   .0117657    11.30   0.000     .1099481    .1560709
                |
    lights_mean |
            L1. |   .3063076   .0037094    82.58   0.000      .299037    .3135782
                |
       hyde_sum |
            L1. |  -6.98e-06   6.72e-07   -10.38   0.000    -8.30e-06   -5.66e-06
                |
          _cons |  -2.227853   .0633099   -35.19   0.000    -2.351944   -2.103762
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial14

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_jobs_cum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    428,661
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1,  28615) =     216.81
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9468
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9430
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0045
Number of clusters (grid)    =     28,616         Root MSE        =     2.0041

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 28,616 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .1742007   .0118307    14.72   0.000     .1510121    .1973894
               |
         _cons |   1.397494   .0065733   212.60   0.000      1.38461    1.410378
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     28616       28616           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial15

. * Sum of jobs created, cumulative and logged and controls
. reghdfe lights_diff l.lnfdi_jobs_cum l.lights_mean l.hyde_sum if neighbor==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 2 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =    408,570
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   3,  27237) =    2351.70
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9599
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9571
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.2198
Number of clusters (grid)    =     27,238         Root MSE        =     1.6927

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 27,238 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               |               Robust
   lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_jobs_cum |
           L1. |   .1133741   .0089565    12.66   0.000      .095819    .1309292
               |
   lights_mean |
           L1. |   .3062482   .0037105    82.54   0.000     .2989754    .3135209
               |
      hyde_sum |
           L1. |  -6.96e-06   6.71e-07   -10.37   0.000    -8.27e-06   -5.64e-06
               |
         _cons |  -2.235209   .0632558   -35.34   0.000    -2.359193   -2.111224
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |     27238       27238           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. est store spatial16

. * Table
. esttab spatial11 spatial12 spatial13 spatial14 spatial15 spatial16, ///
>         b(3) se(2) starlevels(* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) ///
>         stats(N N_clust p r2_a, fmt(0 0 3 3) labels("\# of observations" "\# of countries" "Prob > F" "Adj. R-squared
> ")) ///
>         order(*fdi* *job*) eqlabels("" "") nogaps 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      (1)             (2)             (3)             (4)             (5)             (6)   
              lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff     lights_diff   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L.fdi_trea~t        1.079***        0.757***                                                                
                   (0.06)          (0.05)                                                                   
L.lnfdi_ca~m                                        0.210***        0.133***                                
                                                   (0.02)          (0.01)                                   
L.lnfdi_jo~m                                                                        0.174***        0.113***
                                                                                   (0.01)          (0.01)   
L.lights_m~n                        0.306***                        0.306***                        0.306***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
L.hyde_sum                         -0.000***                       -0.000***                       -0.000***
                                   (0.00)                          (0.00)                          (0.00)   
_cons               1.395***       -2.254***        1.405***       -2.228***        1.397***       -2.235***
                   (0.01)          (0.06)          (0.01)          (0.06)          (0.01)          (0.06)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\# of obse~s       428661          408570          428661          408570          428661          408570   
\# of coun~s        28616           27238           28616           27238           28616           27238   
Prob > F            0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000           0.000   
Adj. R-squ~d        0.943           0.957           0.943           0.957           0.943           0.957   
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard errors in parentheses
* p<0.10, ** p<0.05, *** p<0.01

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, without China
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,654,078
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 844769) =     226.76
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8748
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8659
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    844,770         Root MSE        =     0.8929

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 844,770 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .2460885    .016342    15.06   0.000     .2140587    .2781184
                |
          _cons |   .0050471   .0002037    24.77   0.000     .0046478    .0054464
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    844770      844770           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,639,945
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843794) =     120.91
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8747
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8657
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,795         Root MSE        =     0.8924

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 843,795 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .2644901   .0242139    10.92   0.000     .2170316    .3119486
                          1  |   .2342576   .0165025    14.20   0.000     .2019133     .266602
                             |
                       _cons |   .0050605   .0002043    24.78   0.000     .0046602    .0054609
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843795      843795           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843794) =    1.58
            Prob > F =    0.2087

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,639,945
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843794) =     119.93
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8747
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8657
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,795         Root MSE        =     0.8924

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 843,795 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2627578   .0251835    10.43   0.000     .2133988    .3121167
                        1  |   .2375052   .0166563    14.26   0.000     .2048594     .270151
                           |
                     _cons |   .0050561   .0002055    24.60   0.000     .0046532    .0054589
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843795      843795           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843794) =    1.01
            Prob > F =    0.3156

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if cname!="China", absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 12,639,945
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 843794) =     114.82
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8747
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8657
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0009
Number of clusters (grid)    =    843,795         Root MSE        =     0.8924

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 843,795 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2552745   .0175628    14.53   0.000     .2208519    .2896971
                        1  |   .2193838   .0199594    10.99   0.000      .180264    .2585036
                           |
                     _cons |   .0050815   .0002021    25.15   0.000     .0046854    .0054775
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    843795      843795           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,843794) =    3.62
            Prob > F =    0.0570

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, without highly populated areas
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,372,045
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 817688) =      68.46
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7888
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.7724
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,689         Root MSE        =     0.7377

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 817,689 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |    .212555   .0256892     8.27   0.000      .162205    .2629051
                |
          _cons |  -.1733788   .0000787 -2204.26   0.000     -.173533   -.1732247
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817689      817689           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,365,871
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817232) =      41.82
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7885
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.7721
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,233         Root MSE        =     0.7376

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 817,233 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .2384592   .0432687     5.51   0.000     .1536539    .3232645
                          1  |   .1977095   .0221696     8.92   0.000     .1542578    .2411611
                             |
                       _cons |  -.1732915   .0000798 -2170.35   0.000     -.173448    -.173135
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817233      817233           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817232) =    1.05
            Prob > F =    0.3046

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,365,871
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817232) =      39.41
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7885
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.7721
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,233         Root MSE        =     0.7376

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 817,233 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2434016   .0456396     5.33   0.000     .1539496    .3328537
                        1  |   .1973551   .0231201     8.54   0.000     .1520405    .2426697
                           |
                     _cons |  -.1732935   .0000806 -2150.28   0.000    -.1734515   -.1731356
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817233      817233           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817232) =    1.14
            Prob > F =    0.2860

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust if lowpop==1, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(dropped 923 singleton observations)
(MWFE estimator converged in 4 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   = 11,365,871
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 817232) =      39.63
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.7885
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.7721
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0003
Number of clusters (grid)    =    817,233         Root MSE        =     0.7376

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 817,233 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .2261013   .0301637     7.50   0.000     .1669814    .2852213
                        1  |   .1792492   .0227315     7.89   0.000     .1346962    .2238021
                           |
                     _cons |  -.1732824   .0000767 -2260.66   0.000    -.1734326   -.1731322
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    817233      817233           0    *|
        year |        14           0          14     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,817232) =    2.94
            Prob > F =    0.0866

. 
. 
. *** Load data
. use "RPM_FDIgrowth_Grid25km.dta", clear

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Nightlight intensity, larger grid cells
. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,373,429
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 158421) =    1426.35
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8730
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8640
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0079
Number of clusters (grid)    =    158,422         Root MSE        =     1.8156

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 158,422 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .6379118   .0168907    37.77   0.000     .6048064    .6710172
                |
          _cons |   1.870136   .0011846  1578.73   0.000     1.867814    1.872458
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    158422      158422           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,367,777
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 158031) =     762.85
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0081
Number of clusters (grid)    =    158,032         Root MSE        =     1.8164

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 158,032 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .6949282   .0228579    30.40   0.000     .6501271    .7397292
                          1  |   .5788403   .0169579    34.13   0.000     .5456031    .6120775
                             |
                       _cons |   1.865764   .0011794  1582.00   0.000     1.863452    1.868075
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    158032      158032           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,158031) =   25.95
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,367,777
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 158031) =     761.72
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0080
Number of clusters (grid)    =    158,032         Root MSE        =     1.8165

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 158,032 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .6796798   .0242595    28.02   0.000     .6321316     .727228
                        1  |   .6018232   .0177872    33.83   0.000     .5669606    .6366858
                           |
                     _cons |     1.8657   .0011895  1568.42   0.000     1.863369    1.868032
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    158032      158032           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,158031) =    9.08
            Prob > F =    0.0026

. reghdfe lights_mean cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,367,777
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 158031) =     724.35
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.8723
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.8631
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0081
Number of clusters (grid)    =    158,032         Root MSE        =     1.8164

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 158,032 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_mean | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |   .6656711   .0178098    37.38   0.000     .6307642     .700578
                        1  |   .5213904   .0193745    26.91   0.000     .4834167     .559364
                           |
                     _cons |   1.866187   .0011688  1596.64   0.000     1.863897    1.868478
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    158032      158032           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,158031) =   68.12
            Prob > F =    0.0000

. 
. 
. *** Robustness: Spatial nightlight inequality, larger grid cells
. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,369,226
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   1, 158138) =     478.81
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9137
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9075
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0063
Number of clusters (grid)    =    158,139         Root MSE        =     0.8078

                                (Std. err. adjusted for 158,139 clusters in grid)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                |               Robust
    lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
lnfdi_capex_cum |
            L1. |   .2523803   .0115339    21.88   0.000     .2297741    .2749864
                |
          _cons |   .0036851   .0008095     4.55   0.000     .0020986    .0052717
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    158139      158139           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.democracy, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,364,993
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 157847) =     249.95
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9134
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9072
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0065
Number of clusters (grid)    =    157,848         Root MSE        =     0.8070

                                             (Std. err. adjusted for 157,848 clusters in grid)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             |               Robust
                 lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                          0  |   .2802373   .0157128    17.83   0.000     .2494405    .3110341
                          1  |   .2236116   .0117877    18.97   0.000     .2005079    .2467153
                             |
                       _cons |   .0035429   .0008098     4.38   0.000     .0019557      .00513
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    157848      157848           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.democracy#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,157847) =   12.65
            Prob > F =    0.0004

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.vertacc, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,364,993
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 157847) =     248.09
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9134
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9072
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0065
Number of clusters (grid)    =    157,848         Root MSE        =     0.8070

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 157,848 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |     .27872   .0161842    17.22   0.000     .2469994    .3104406
                        1  |   .2291618   .0120716    18.98   0.000     .2055017    .2528218
                           |
                     _cons |    .003496   .0008148     4.29   0.000      .001899     .005093
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    157848      157848           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.vertacc#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,157847) =    8.78
            Prob > F =    0.0031

. reghdfe lights_diff cl.lnfdi_capex_cum#i.accjust, absorb(grid year) cluster(grid)
(MWFE estimator converged in 3 iterations)

HDFE Linear regression                            Number of obs   =  2,364,993
Absorbing 2 HDFE groups                           F(   2, 157847) =     243.01
Statistics robust to heteroskedasticity           Prob > F        =     0.0000
                                                  R-squared       =     0.9134
                                                  Adj R-squared   =     0.9072
                                                  Within R-sq.    =     0.0064
Number of clusters (grid)    =    157,848         Root MSE        =     0.8070

                                           (Std. err. adjusted for 157,848 clusters in grid)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           |               Robust
               lights_diff | Coefficient  std. err.      t    P>|t|     [95% conf. interval]
---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum |
                        0  |     .25955   .0122078    21.26   0.000     .2356229    .2834771
                        1  |   .2249938    .014153    15.90   0.000     .1972541    .2527334
                           |
                     _cons |   .0036558   .0008028     4.55   0.000     .0020823    .0052294
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Absorbed degrees of freedom:
-----------------------------------------------------+
 Absorbed FE | Categories  - Redundant  = Num. Coefs |
-------------+---------------------------------------|
        grid |    157848      157848           0    *|
        year |        15           0          15     |
-----------------------------------------------------+
* = FE nested within cluster; treated as redundant for DoF computation

. test 0.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum

 ( 1)  0b.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum - 1.accjust#cL.lnfdi_capex_cum = 0

       F(  1,157847) =    6.93
            Prob > F =    0.0085

. 
. 
. 
. 
. ***** 3. Figures
. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. 
. *** FIGURE 1: Nightlight intensity
. preserve

. use "results_growth", clear

. sort n

. labmask n, values(desc)

. twoway  (scatter n coef if model=="buffer", mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n if model=="buffer", hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid) msize(vsmall)), ///
>                 ytitle("") title("buffer approach") ///
>                 ylabel(1 2 5 6 9 10 13, valuelabels nogrid) ///
>                 yline(3.5 7.5 11.5, lpattern(dot) lcolor(gs10)) ///
>                 fxsize(60) fysize(100) legend(off) name(FDIgrowth_buffer, replace)

. twoway  (scatter n coef if model=="grid", mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n if model=="grid", hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid) msize(vsmall)), ///
>                 ytitle("") title("grid approach") ///
>                 ylabel(1 2 5 6 9 10 13, nolabel nogrid) ///
>                 yline(3.5 7.5 11.5, lpattern(dot) lcolor(gs10)) ///
>                 fxsize(40) fysize(100) legend(off) name(FDIgrowth_grid, replace)

. graph combine FDIgrowth_buffer FDIgrowth_grid, ycommon col(2) ///
>         title("Effect of FDI Project Flows on Nightlight Intensity") ///
>         b1title("Coefficient in two-way fixed effects OLS model", size(*.8)) ///
>         xsize(3) ysize(2.5) name(FDIgrowth, replace)

. restore

. 
. 
. *** FIGURE 3: Spatial nightlight inequality
. use "results_spatial", clear

. sort n

. labmask n, values(desc)

. twoway  (scatter n coef if model=="buffer", mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n if model=="buffer", hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid) msize(vsmall)), ///
>                 ytitle("") title("buffer approach") ///
>                 ylabel(1 2 5 6 9 10 13, valuelabels nogrid) ///
>                 yline(3.5 7.5 11.5, lpattern(dot) lcolor(gs10)) ///
>                 fxsize(60) fysize(100) legend(off) name(FDIspatial_buffer, replace)

. twoway  (scatter n coef if model=="grid", mcolor(gs6) msymbol(O)) ///
>                 (rcap ci_lower ci_upper n if model=="grid", hori lcolor(gs6) lpattern(solid) msize(vsmall)), ///
>                 ytitle("") title("grid approach") ///
>                 ylabel(1 2 5 6 9 10 13, nolabel nogrid) ///
>                 yline(3.5 7.5 11.5, lpattern(dot) lcolor(gs10)) ///
>                 fxsize(40) fysize(100) legend(off) name(FDIspatial_grid, replace)

. graph combine FDIspatial_buffer FDIspatial_grid, ycommon col(2) ///
>         title("Effect of FDI Project Flows on Spatial Nightlight Inequality") ///
>         b1title("Coefficient in two-way fixed effects OLS model", size(*.8)) ///
>         xsize(3) ysize(2.5) name(FDIspatial, replace)

. 
. erase "results_distance.dta"

. erase "results_growth.dta"

. erase "results_spatial.dta"

. 
. 
. 
. 
. *------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
. 
. 
. capture log close
